や
(Ya)
X and Y (and so on) — non-exhaustive listing.
Connection rules
- ＋Noun + や + Noun (+ など)
- ＋Use と for exhaustive listing ('X and Y, nothing else').
- ＋Use や for representative listing ('X, Y, and other things').
Examples
1.
スーパーで野菜や果物などを買いました。
Suupaa de yasai ya kudamono nado o kai mashi ta.
I bought vegetables, fruit, and so on at the supermarket.
「X and Y (and so on) — non-exhaustive listing」
2.
部屋に机やベッドがあります。
Heya ni tsukue ya beddo ga ari masu.
There are a desk, a bed, and other things in the room.
「X and Y (and so on) — non-exhaustive listing」