つつ

(Tsutsu)

while doing / although (formal).

Connection rules

＋V ます-stem + つつ (simultaneous); V ます-stem + つつも (concessive 'although doing').
＋Formal / written register — contrast with 〜ながら, which is neutral and more common in speech.
＋Concessive use requires つつも: 悪いと知りつつも、やってしまった ('I did it even though I knew it was wrong').

音楽おんがくを聞ききつつ、本ほんを読よんだ。

Ongaku o kiki tsutsu, hon o yon da.

I read a book while listening to music.

「while doing / although (formal)」

悪わるいと知しりつつも、やってしまった。

Warui to shiri tsutsu mo, ya te shima ta.

Although I knew it was wrong, I went ahead and did it.

「while doing / although (formal)」

Although I think I must study, I end up playing games.

勉強しなければと___、ついゲームをしてしまう。

Romaji also accepted